Morbidity and Mortality of Acute Mechanical Intestinal Obstruction in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the morbidity and mortality factors associated with acute mechanical intestinal obstruction. Acute mechanical bowel obstruction is one of the most common pathologies in emergency digestive surgery. The objective of this study was to assess mortality from acute mechanical intestinal obstruction. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and analytical typical observational study from April 1 to September 30, 2020 in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry University Hospital. Results: Acute mechanical bowel obstructions accounted for 18% of digestive surgical emergencies. The average age was 43.94 years old. The sex ratio was 2.26 in favor of men. The 40-59 age group was the most represented with 41.9%. The most common aetiologies were bridles 40.32% followed by pelvic colon volvulus 27.42%. The site of the obstacle was on the small bowel in 69% and on the colon in 31% of cases. Bowel resection followed by end-to-end anastomosis was performed in 53.22% of cases and flange resection in 40.32% of cases. Mortality was 23%, statistically correlated with ASA≥II score, site of occlusion, bowel resection, surgical site infection and stercoral fistula. Conclusion: Acute mechanical intestinal obstruction was frequent. Their etiologies were multiple. The care recorded a significant mortality. Improving the prognosis of acute mechanical intestinal obstruction depends on early and adequate management.