Moore, Minkowski and Koch Curves Based Hybrid Fractal Antenna for Multiband Applications

Abstract

Today’s world, multiband antenna has immensely beneficial for fulfill the requirements of wireless communication. In this paper, Hybrid Fractal Antenna (HFA) is designed using three popular fractal curves koch, minkowski and moore. The generator curve is created by adding minkowski curve and invert of koch curve. This hybrid generator curve is then superimposed on moore curve to get proposed HFA. FR4 material is used for the design of proposed HFA. The effect of defected ground and dielectric constant of different materials on the performance of antenna is studied. Proposed antenna is fabricated and S11 in dB is measured using Vector Network Analyzer. A comparison between simulated and measured return loss is done. It is found that simulated and measured results are agreement with each other. The antenna parameters such as return loss, VSWR, radiation pattern, gain are described in this article. A gain of 20.1 dB is obtained at frequency 1.70 GHz. The maximum bandwidth of proposed HFA is 2870 MHz and VSWR range varies between 1.887MAX and 1.008MIN. The dimensions of proposed HFA is 41.5 × 37 mm2 which is small as compared to existing hybrid geometries in literature. This proposed HFA can be used for Bluetooth (2.4 GHz), Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11b and 802.11g) Wireless LAN (5.5 GHz), Wireless computer networking (2.4 GHz and 5.5 GHz), Wi-MAX (5.20 GHz–5.8 GHz), Satellite communication uplink (5.90 GHz), Military satellite downlink (7.25–7.30 GHz) applications.