Abstract
The aim of this 2-week study was to examine the effects of self-administered acupressure intervention onlevels of mood of 54 students (34 males and 20 females) majoring in acupuncture and moxibustion medicineat a college located in Fukuoka, Japan. Eligibility criteria were the ability to complete the intervention accurately and no history of psychiatric diseases. The students were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: an intervention group (IG, n = 28) and a control group (CG, n = 26). The IG participants completed fiveacupressure sessions three times a day (morning, noon, and night), involving the application of pressure to six acupuncture points (GB12, SI17, and LI18 according to 2008 World Health OrganizationRegional Office in the Western Pacific standard), three on the left and three on the right side of the neck for 5 s each. The CG participants were requested to spend their time as usual. Self-reported levels of tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, vigor, fatigue, and confusion over the past week were measured before and after the study as the main outcomes. Side effects were not predicted and not assessed. The retention rate of this trial was 100%. Improvements in mood, defined as a change from baseline to 2 weeks later, were significantly greater in IG. Our results showed that self-administered intervention had the ability to alter mood levels in college students.
Highlights
In Japan, the management of mood levels is considered an important issue to maintain the mental health of students (Michimuko, Kinoshita, & Nishizawa, 1997). Katsuura et al (2011) reported that 26.3% and 8.1% of 209 Japanese college students exhibited moderate to severe levels, respectively, of anxiety and depression
The baseline mood levels of both groups were below or around 50 points. These results indicated that the mood status of the two groups was considered average or better
Six unpaired t-tests showed that both groups were fairly well matched with regard to baseline mood levels [tension–anxiety, t(52) = 0.49, p = 0.63; depression–dejection, t(52) = 0.64, p = 0.52; anger–hostility, t(52) = 0.1.26, p = 0.21; vigor, t(52) = 0.92, p = 0.36; fatigue, t(52) = 0.30, p = 0.76; confusion, t(52) = 0.75, p = 0.46]
Summary
In Japan, the management of mood levels is considered an important issue to maintain the mental health of students (Michimuko, Kinoshita, & Nishizawa, 1997). Katsuura et al (2011) reported that 26.3% and 8.1% of 209 Japanese college students exhibited moderate to severe levels, respectively, of anxiety and depression. In Japan, the management of mood levels is considered an important issue to maintain the mental health of students (Michimuko, Kinoshita, & Nishizawa, 1997). Katsuura et al (2011) reported that 26.3% and 8.1% of 209 Japanese college students exhibited moderate to severe levels, respectively, of anxiety and depression. From a mental health perspective, it is important to help Japanese college students to manage negative moods. According to the meridian theory of Chinese medicine, energy (Qi) flows through meridians, which are invisible circuitries or energy channels in the body. This theory assumes that mental or physical health is disturbed if the flow of Qi is too fast, too slow, turbulent, or static. Acupressure can be self-administered to promote physical and mental health (Honda, Tsuda, & Horiuchi, 2012a)
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