Abstract

A key issue in understanding the sacred landscape of Thebes is the origin of god Montu andhow his cult, and system of temples, changed through time and in relationship to other gods.He had several temples built for him in the Theban region including those at the closelyconnected sites of Armant and Tod south of Thebes, and also at Medamoud north-east ofKarnak. One aspect of Montu is his division into multiple forms, particularly visible by the timeof the new kingdom where he can manifest himself in the form of four Montus connected withthe four primary cult places of the Theban nome: Thebes proper, Tod, Armant andMedamoud. A network that could imply an originally linked series of Theban religious sitesdefined by the rituals and festivals dedicated to Montu. The evolution of Montu within a culticand temple framework of the Theban nome is an issue yet to be resolved. However, thecomparatively limited state of excavation and publication of these sites complicates theanalysis and has led to various controversies such as that regarding the specific origin of Montu.

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