MONTHLY INCOME OF FAMILY, EDUCATIONAL LEVEL, KNOWLEDGE, AND EATING BEHAVIORS AMONG PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN SIDOARJO

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Many factors can influence the choice of food and diet of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including personal dimensions (socioeconomic, educational level, and knowledge), behavioral pattern, and environmental characteristics (Savoca and Miller, 2001). Purpose: This study aimed to describe and examine the relationship between monthly income of family, educational level, knowledge, and eating behaviors among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sidoarjo. Methods: The design of this study used a cross-sectional method to measure the relationship of several variables. The population in this study were all diabetics in the working area of the Sidoarjo Community Health Center. The sampling technique used is cluster random sampling. The total of samples in this study were 117 respondents with inclusion criteria, among others aged 20-60 years, can read, and want to participate in this study. Data collection using demographic data questionnaire (DDQ) for monthly income of family and educational level, eating behavior is measured by self-management dietary behaviors questionnaire (SMDBQ), and knowledge is measured by diabetes knowledge questionnaire (DKQ). The data of this study was analyzed using Pearson Correlation with significance α ≤ .05. Results: Based on the results, it found that educational level, monthly income of family, and knowledge had positive relationship with eating behaviors (r = .60, p < .001; r = .61, p < .001; r = .33, p < .001, respectively). Educational level and monthly income of family had positive relationship with knowledge (r = 21, p < .05; r = .31, p < .001, respectively). And also, educational level had positive relationship with monthly income of family (r = .63, p < .001). Discussion: With the results of this study, health workers are expected to create programs to improve eating behavior in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus that are adjusted to the condition of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Key words: Eating behaviors, monthly income of family, educational level, knowledge, type 2 diabetes mellitus.