Monthly dynamics of carbon dioxide exchange across the sea surface of the Arctic Ocean in response to changes in gas transfer velocity and partial pressure of CO2 in 2010

Abstract

Summary The Arctic Ocean (AO) is an important basin for global oceanic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) uptake, but the mechanisms controlling air–sea gas fluxes are not fully understood, especially over short and long timescales. The oceanic sink of CO 2 is an important part of the global carbon budget. Previous studies have shown that in the AO differences in the partial pressure of CO 2 (Δ p CO 2 ) and gas transfer velocity ( k ) both contribute significantly to interannual air–sea CO 2 flux variability, but that k is unimportant for multidecadal variability. This study combined Earth Observation (EO) data collected in 2010 with the in situ p CO 2 dataset from Takahashi et al. (2009) (T09) using a recently developed software toolbox called FluxEngine to determine the importance of k and Δ p CO 2 on CO 2 budgets in two regions of the AO – the Greenland Sea (GS) and the Barents Sea (BS) with their continental margins. Results from the study indicate that the variability in wind speed and, hence, the gas transfer velocity, generally play a major role in determining the temporal variability of CO 2 uptake, while variability in monthly Δ p CO 2 plays a major role spatially, with some exceptions.