Abstract
ABSTRACT This study employs the Mueller matrix method to analyse the optical properties of a two-stage liquid crystal (LC) retarder system. The system is constructed using planar-aligned nematic LC cell retarders and linear polarisers. The orientation of the LC molecules (LCMs) in the cells are determined through Monte Carlo (MC) simulations by using a lattice Hamiltonian model that includes the Lebwohl-Lasher energy, external field interaction and the Rapini-Papoular term. The analysis focuses on the tunable wavelength range of 400–800 nm. The external field and the thicknesses of both LC cells are used as key parameters for tuning the optical transmission characteristics. The results demonstrate that the interplay between the thickness of the retarders and the applied external field significantly affects the transmission spectra, enabling precise control over wavelength selectivity and broadband transmission. Thinner configurations exhibit sharper wavelength selectivity and higher sensitivity to external fields, while thicker configurations provide broader, more uniform transmission across a wider wavelength range.
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