Abstract

The different codes based on the Monte Carlo method, allows to make simulations in the field of medical physics, so the determination of all the magnitudes of radiation protection namely the absorbed dose, the kerma, the equivalent dose, and effective, what guarantees the good planning of the experiment in order to minimize the degrees of exposure to ionizing radiation, and to strengthen the radiation protection of patients and workers in clinical environment as well as to respect the 3 principles of radiation protection ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) and which are based on: -Justification of the practice -Optimization of radiation protection -Limitation of exposure.

Highlights

  • The monte Carlo method is a method of the family of algorithmic methods, it makes it possible to solve statistical problems and contribute to the analysis of data based on stochastic processes, it allows to evaluate the maturity risk and these probabilities the appointment of this method refers to the random side used at the casino of Monte Carlo located in MONACO

  • The scope of the Monte Carlo method is very broad and covers all fields of nuclear medicine and particle transport, namely applications in radiotherapy-brachytherapy, scintigraphic imaging, shielding, dosimetry, PET, gamma camera, etc. This choice of use of this method is not due to chance, but on the one hand because it allows to simulate the behavior of different particles and to deduce the average behavior of all particles according to the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem, so it can handle coupled and 3D problems with complex geometry and it can answer specific questions (average flow in a volume, Absorbed dose, Kerma, Hp(10), etc.), and its major advantages and determining the sources of errors, on the other hand, this method makes it possible to comply with the laws of ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) radiation protection which are:

  • Most visualization techniques exploit radiation, photonic or otherwise, the intensity of which can be measured in total flux, while gamma radiation used in nuclear medicine is exploited at the level of its smallest indivisible component, the “photon”, and to detect this gamma radiation, a scintillation detector is generally used, the sensitive cell of which is a crystal which has the property of producing a small burst of light when it is touched by a photon, a photomultiplier tube associated with this crystal transforms this spark into an electrical pulse whose amplitude is proportional to the energy of the radiation

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Summary

Introduction

The monte Carlo method is a method of the family of algorithmic methods, it makes it possible to solve statistical problems and contribute to the analysis of data based on stochastic processes, it allows to evaluate the maturity risk and these probabilities the appointment of this method refers to the random side used at the casino of Monte Carlo located in MONACO. The scope of the Monte Carlo method is very broad and covers all fields of nuclear medicine and particle transport, namely applications in radiotherapy-brachytherapy, scintigraphic imaging, shielding, dosimetry, PET, gamma camera, etc This choice of use of this method is not due to chance, but on the one hand because it allows to simulate the behavior of different particles and to deduce the average behavior of all particles according to the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem, so it can handle coupled and 3D problems with complex geometry and it can answer specific questions (average flow in a volume, Absorbed dose, Kerma, Hp(10), etc.), and its major advantages and determining the sources of errors, on the other hand, this method makes it possible to comply with the laws of ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) radiation protection which are:. Monte Carlo is a reliable method and offers complete and very close to reality solutions, which cover all the needs in nuclear medicine

Generality of photons
Collision distance
Selection of the collided nucleus
Choice of angle and scattering energy
Weight of particle
Monte Carlo code “GAMOS”
Installation
Creation of geometry and input file
Input file
Time distributions
Energy
Position
Attenuation study for photons of different energy (shielding)
For photon of 2 Mev Figures 8 and 9
Conclusion
Full Text
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