Abstract
Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important part of the water cycle. This study reports on the monsoonal influence on the temporal variation in evapotranspiration of an extremely water conservative and salinity stressed tropical mangrove forest at the land-ocean boundary of northeast coast of India. The magnitude and dynamics of evapotranspiration (ET) exhibited seasonality dominated by monsoon and evaporation rate was greater (0.055 ± 0.015 g·m-2·s-1) during the monsoon than in pre-monsoon (0.049 ± 0.018 g·m-2·s-1) and post-monsoon (0.044 ± 0.012 g·m-2·s-1). Seasonal difference in evapotranpiration was mostly due to fluctuation of canopy resistance, which was the minimum during monsoon when relative humidity was greater than in the dry season (pre- and post-monsoon) and deficiency of water supply (ET ≈ ETeq) was minimum. Evapotranspiration in the Sundarban mangrove ecosystem is the predominant biophysical processes that recycles 67.7% of total precipitation annually to the atmosphere, and has significant monsoonal influence.
Highlights
Water vapour plays an important role in the hydrologic cycle, which describes the storage and movement of water between the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and the hydrosphere
Evapotranspiration is the main biophysical process that maintains the availability of water vapour in the atmosphere
Over the entire land surface of the globe, rainfall averages around 750 mm∙y−1, of which some two third is returned to the atmosphere as evapotranspiration, making evapotranspiration the largest single component to study the terrestrial hydrological cycle [2]
Summary
Water vapour plays an important role in the hydrologic cycle, which describes the storage and movement of water between the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, and the hydrosphere. The loss of water from plant cells to the atmosphere by vaporization is called transpiration. More than 80% of the water that enters plants through. Low water vapour pressure in the air relative to that inside the leaves is the major driving force for water loss from leaves, which drives the movement into leaves and in turn drives movement into plant roots. Evapotranspiration is the main biophysical process that maintains the availability of water vapour in the atmosphere. Over the entire land surface of the globe, rainfall averages around 750 mm∙y−1, of which some two third is returned to the atmosphere as evapotranspiration, making evapotranspiration the largest single component to study the terrestrial hydrological cycle [2]
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