Monovalent $$(\hbox {Li}^{+1})$$ doping effect in multiferroic $$\hbox {GdMnO}_{3}$$

Abstract

This paper reports the temperature- and field-dependent magnetic properties of monovalent-doped polycrystalline sample $$\hbox {Gd}_{0.85}\hbox {Li}_{0.15}\hbox {MnO}_{3}$$ (GLMO) prepared by conventional solid-state reaction route. Final sintering at 1673 K for 18 h yields in the formation of well-grown, impurity phase free, single-phased, orthorhombic structured (with Pbnm space group) crystal. The optical properties have been investigated by UV-absorption spectra. The room temperature UV-absorption spectrum using Tauc’s formula gives an optical band gap of $${\sim }$$ 3.12 eV. The paramagnetic (PM) state to incommensurate antiferromagnetic (ICAFM) state transition temperature increases due to Li doping. Magnetic hysteresis curve at 5 K signifies the Gd spin ordering.