Abstract
The first experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of seed priming on germination behavior and seedling establishment in Vicia faba and Vicia sativa, for that, seeds priming was done using SA (100 µM) and KH2PO4. In order to determine the optimal concentration of KH2PO4 for improving germination, different concentrations were used: 25 µM, 50 µM, and 100 µM. The best germination behavior and seedling establishment were obtained with 25 and 50 µM KH2PO4, respectively for Vicia faba and Vicia sativa. Moreover, data showed that 100 µM of SA improved seed germination as well as the seedling establishment for both species. The second experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of seed priming for improving phosphorous (P) deficiency tolerance. To do, seedling obtained from primed and nonprimed seeds were grown in a hydroponic culture system with three different treatments: control (C, medium containing sufficient P concentration: 360 µM KH2PO4), direct phosphorus-deficient (DD, medium containing only 10 µM KH2PO4), and induced P deficiency by bicarbonate (ID, medium containing sufficient P concentration: 360 µM KH2PO4 + 0.5 g L-1 CaCO3 + 10 mM NaHCO3). Furthermore, the role of exogenous SA applied to P deficiency tolerance enhancement was explored. Seed priming or the exogenous application of SA significantly reduced the severity effect of P deficiency. In fact, the pretreated plants were observed more tolerant to P deficiency as reflected from the significant increase in plant biomass, P uptake, and an efficient antioxidant system. Overall, this paper highlights the beneficial effect of seeds priming or the exogenous application of SA in the improvement of plant tolerance to phosphorus deficiency.
Highlights
Phosphorus (P) is among the most crucial macronutrient required for plant growth and development
The obtained results depicted that Vicia sativa and Vicia faba seeds primed with 100 μM SA exhibited a higher germination percentage, germination index (GI), and vigor index (VI) than the non-primed ones
Data from this study indicated that exogenous applications of SA or its use in seed priming were effective in decreasing MDA concentration under P deficiency treatments in both species
Summary
Phosphorus (P) is among the most crucial macronutrient required for plant growth and development. P deficiency is one of the most abiotic stresses negatively influencing the productivity of crop legumes over the world mainly in developing countries (GRAHAM, 2003). To solve this nutritional disturbance, the application of fertilizers and foliar sprays are necessary approaches. Several works had tested the effectiveness of seed priming for improving plant nutrition in deficient soils. MUHAMMAD et al (2017) demonstrated that nutrient seed priming (Zn and Mn) improve soybean seed quality for early seedling development under limited nutrient supply or availability. AJOURI et al (2004) concluded that P and Zn application through seed priming enhanced barley seeds germination and early growth stage under low nutrient availability
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