Abstract
A monolithic solid based solely on single walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) was prepared without the need of radical initiators or gelators. The procedure involves the preparation of a wet jelly-like system of pristine SWNHs followed by slow drying (48 h) at 25 °C. As a result, a robust and stable porous network was formed due to the interaction between SWNHs not only via π-π and van der Waals interactions, but also via the formation of carbon bonds similar to those observed within dahlia aggregates. Pristine SWNHs and the SWNH monolith were characterized by several techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen intrusion porosimetry. Taking into account the efficiency of carbon nanoparticles in sorption processes, the potential applicability of the SWNH-monolith in this research field was explored using toluene; m-, p-, and o-xylene; ethylbenzene; and styrene, as target analytes. Detection limits were 0.01 µg·L−1 in all cases and the inter-day precision was in the interval 7.4–15.7%. The sorbent performance of the nanostructured monolithic solid was evaluated by extracting the selected compounds from different water samples with recovery values between 81.5% and 116.4%.
Highlights
The number of publications in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology has greatly increased in the last years due to the exceptional physical and chemical properties of the nanomatter [1–4]
Most of them are non-porous in nature and possess a high tendency to aggregate when packed as a powder, which requires immobilization on the surface of particles or polymers which are packed in conventional separation units [8]
The main objective was the fabrication of a monolithic solid based on pristine single walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) maintaining the unique characteristics and properties related with their shape and size
Summary
The number of publications in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology has greatly increased in the last years due to the exceptional physical and chemical properties of the nanomatter [1–4]. Most of them are non-porous in nature and possess a high tendency to aggregate when packed as a powder, which requires immobilization on the surface of particles or polymers which are packed in conventional separation units [8]. These stationary phases present the main problems associated with this type of packing, including the need for frits, bubble formation, and poor mass transfer. Interconnected porous structures formed in their majority or entirety by carbon nanomaterials are highly desirable [14,15] These structures can be prepared via chemNicanaolmvataerpiaolsr20d18e,p8,oxsFiOtiRoPnEE(RCRVEDVI)E,Walthough a significant amount of residual metal cataly2sotf 1c3an be foundenitniretthyebfiyncaarlbmononnaonliotmh a[t1e6r,i1a7ls].arIenhaigdhdlyitidoensi,rwabelet [c1h4e,1m5]i.sTtrhyesme settrhuoctdusressuccahn abse gperelaptairoend avbiaove a criticcahlecmoniccael nvtarpaotriodnephoasviteiobnee(CnVuDs)e,dalttohocurgehatae smigensiofipcaonrtoaums omuantteorfiarlessi[d1u8a],l mmeatianllcyabtaalysestdcoann bcearbon nanotfouubneds. SdWer NWHaaslshianvteerbaceteionnds,easscrwibeelldatsosifnogrlme Cd–iCfferent typesboofnsdpshbeertiwcaelenagthgereignadtievsid, wuahl iccahrbhoanvneabneoehnosrnos-c[a2l5l]e.dSWdaNhHlias-h, abvuedb-e, eanndessecerdib-etdyptoe faogrgmredgifafteersen[2t 6,27]
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