Monocular Elevation Deficit-Simplified

Abstract

Managing hypotropia is a challenge for strabismologists. Monocular Elevation Deficit (MED) is one of the causes of hypotropia seen frequently by a stabismologist. Co-existence of horizontal deviations, ptosis, amblyopia, Dissociated Vertical Deviation(DVD) make the management of MED difficult. Even for the correction of hypotropia, there are different surgical techniques, which reflect the variety of causative mechanisms. After reviewing available literature, we have attempted to simplify this complex entity in terms of its pathogenesis, presentation, differential diagnosis and finally, appropriate management.