Monitoring the water area changes in Tetima-Kanglayka lakes region over the past four decades by remotely sensed data

Abstract

车尔臣河下游自1989年改道以来,河道北边形成若干小湖,使台特玛湖-康拉克地区的水域格局发生了很大变化.干涸30多年的台特玛湖,随着自2000年起塔里木河下游应急生态输水工程的实施开始形成大片水域,且水域面积呈扩大趋势.2002年车尔臣河改道结束后康拉克地区的湖泊格局基本形成,而台特玛湖地区的水域则继续大幅变化.本文在1972-2012年102期遥感影像及其相关辅助数据基础上进行各项定量分析,详细描述台特玛湖-康拉克地区的水域变化过程,总结变化趋势,试图找出变化主导因素.笔者认为台特玛湖-康拉克地区的湖泊水域景观格局变化自1970s-2000年主要受车尔臣河径流量年际变化的控制,而21世纪以来则主要受塔里木河下游应急生态输水工程措施的影响.;From starting of diversions of lower reaches of Qarqan River, in 1989, there has been a lot of small lakes in the north side of the new riverbed, drives fluctuated changes of water area patterns in Tetima-Kanglayka lakes region. Since Emergency Ecological Water Transfusion(EEWT) project in lower reaches of Tarim River started in 2000, there are large water area began to reappear and expand in old Tetima lake bed, where there was dried up over than 30 years since a water caused by construction of Dashkol Reservoir. The lakes are already in stable position in Kanglayka region, but there are still big changes of water area in Tetima lake region, when the river diversions are finished in autumn 2002. In this paper, the water area change process and its change trend in Tetima-Kanglayka lakes region was analyzed in high temporal resolution based on a serial, 102 times, remotely sensed imageries which acquired from 1972 to 2012. A further study carried on integrated the result with runoff and transformed water amount data to find out dominant drivers of the changes. We concluded that water area landscape pattern changes was caused by interannual changes of Qarqan River run-off during 1970s till 2000, and has been controlled by the EEWT project in the lower reaches of the Tarim River till the end of research period.