Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the changes of redox indicators such as reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs), plasma antioxidant test (PAT) and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in dairy cows at different stages of lactation using a diagnostic equipment which is suitable for in vivo oxidative stress (OS) monitoring procedures. In total, 628 dairy cows were examined in the pre-parturient period (days in milk [DIM]: -21 to -1 day; n = 117), in the calving and maternity period (DIM: 0 to 7; n = 137), in the early lactation period (DIM: 8 to 30; n = 139), and the in the peak lactation (DIM: 31 to 150; n = 235). The dROMs and OSI values were significantly different (P < 0.05) when comparing the 1st and 2nd+ lactation cows in each group. The highest mean value of dROMs was detected at the calving and maternity stage in 1st lactation cows (141 ± 25 U. Carr) and the lowest (103 ± 29 U. Carr) was found in peak lactation. The OSI developed similarly, with the highest value of 5.58 ± 0.94 in the calving and maternity period in the 1st lactation cows and the lowest value of 4.05 ± 1.21 in peak lactation and significant differences were found in many cases. Based on the results, the measurement of dROMs and OSI may be suitable for detecting oxidative stress in different lactation stages.
Highlights
The aim of this work was to determine the changes of redox indicators such as reactive oxygen metabolites, plasma antioxidant test (PAT) and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in dairy cows at different stages of lactation using a diagnostic equipment which is suitable for in vivo oxidative stress (OS) monitoring procedures
The distribution of dROMs, PAT, and OSI data was tested for normality by Saphiro-Wilk test and showed normal distribution (P < 0.0001) (Figs 2–4)
There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the dROMs and OSI mean values for each group, whereas the difference in PAT values was not supported by statistical tests in any of the cases (Table 4)
Summary
The aim of this work was to determine the changes of redox indicators such as reactive oxygen metabolites (dROMs), plasma antioxidant test (PAT) and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in dairy cows at different stages of lactation using a diagnostic equipment which is suitable for in vivo oxidative stress (OS) monitoring procedures. The measurement of dROMs and OSI may be suitable for detecting oxidative stress in different lactation stages. For the maintenance of health functions of a living organism it is necessary, that the amount of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) produced by the body or originated from external sources, should not exceed the protective capacity of the natural antioxidant (AO) defence mechanisms Once if this balance is upset and ROS cannot be eliminated by the AO defence systems anymore, the oxidative stress (OS) develops leading to cell damage and resulting in reduced animal productivity (Sies et al 1985). These data may provide the basis for definition of reference intervals
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