Abstract
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) has a wide range of physiological functions involving the binding, transportation, and delivery of fatty acids, porphyrins, bilirubin, steroids, etc. In the present study, we prepared a small squaraine dye (SD), which can selectively detect BSA using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), to monitor the endocytosis of BSA in live cultured cells in real time. This approach revealed that BSA uptake is concentration-dependent in living cells. Furthermore, we used paclitaxel (PTX), a chemotherapeutic drug, to influence the endocytosis of BSA in living cells. The results demonstrated that the endocytic rate was clearly reduced after pretreatment with 0.4 µM PTX for 2 h. The present study demonstrates the potential value of using the fluorescence lifetime of SD to detect BSA concentration and study the physiological mechanism of chemotherapeutic drugs.
Highlights
Serum albumins (SA), which are the major proteins of circulatory system, act as critical transport proteins for delivery of fatty acids, amino acids and drug molecules [1,2,3,4]
We provide a method to monitor the endocytosis of Bovine SA (BSA) in single living cells using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), which expands the toolbox for biological proteinology research
The present study demonstrated that the squaraine dye (SD) we synthesized can selectively detect BSA in solution and living cells using FLIM
Summary
Serum albumins (SA), which are the major proteins of circulatory system, act as critical transport proteins for delivery of fatty acids, amino acids and drug molecules [1,2,3,4]. To the best of our knowledge, there are few reports on the endocytosis of BSA in single living cells during a chemotherapeutic drug treatment [14,15], which is a complex dynamic process associated with physiological functions of cancer cells, including dynamic changes of proteins concentration, metabolism and apoptosis [16,17,18,19,20]. Images even if the fluorescence intensities are similar, which makes FLIM as a powerful tool to research physiological processes in living cells. We provide a method to monitor the endocytosis of BSA in single living cells using FLIM, which expands the toolbox for biological proteinology research
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