Abstract

Objective To study the situation of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD),iodine nutrition status and implementation of preventive measures in Yunnan Province,and to provide a scientific basis for adjusting the iodine content in salt.Methods The surveillance had been carried out based on the implementation plan of 2011 Endemic Diseases Control & Prevention Project.Thirty counties (cities,districts) were selected by the method of population probability sampling (PPS).Historical water iodine data were collected in each county (city,district),which excluded the township where the water iodine was higher than 150 μg/L.Using simple random sampling method,1 administrative village primary school was selected in each county(city,district).About 40(8-10 years old) students(non boarding) from the primary school were randomly selected to test the thyroid volume and the edible salt iodine.The urinary iodine(UI) of 12 students who were randomly selected from the 40 students was tested.In the village(neighborhood),5 drinking water samples were selected according to their sub-area positions in the north,the south,the east,the west and the center of the village,and in centralized water supply area,2 tap water samples were collected to test the water iodine.Three townships were selected from each county(city,district),5 pregnant women and 5 lactating women were selected from each township to test UI.In other 96 counties(cities,districts),5 townships were randomly selected according to their sub-area positions in the north,the south,the east,the west and the center of the county (selected all if less than 5 townships).One administrative village primary school.was randomly selected from each township,about 20(about 8-10 year olds,non boarding,half male and half female) students were randomly selected from each primary school to test UI.The thyroid volume was determined by type-B ultrasound method.The salt iodine content was measured by sodium subsulfite method.Both UI and water iodine contents were determined by As3--Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry.Results The goiter rate of children aged 8-10 years was 1.8%(22/1207) in the 30 counties in 2011.The median of salt iodine was 29.9 mg/kg.The coefficient variation(CV) of salt iodine was 22.8%.The iodized salt coverage rate was 99.1% (1196/1207).The qualified rate of iodized salt and qualified iodized salt coverage rate was 96.1% (1149/1196) and 95.2% (1149/1207),respectively.The iodized salt coverage rate that lower than 95.0% was found only in 1 county.The qualified rate of iodized salt that lower than 90.0% was found in 3 counties.The qualified iodized salt coverage rate that less than 90.0% was found in 4 counties.The median of urinary iodine(MUI) of children was 274.1 μg/L.The median of water iodine content was 1.6 μg/L.The MUI of pregnant women was 217.3 μg/L.The MUI of lactation women was 171.5 μg/L.In 96 counties,the MUI of the students aged 8-10 years was 259.0 μg/L.Conclusions Iodine deficiency of external environment is universal in Yunnan Province.The iodine content in iodized salt is relatively uniform.The children's iodine nutrition status exceeds an appropriate level in Yunnan Province on the whole and the iodine content of salt should be reduced properly. Key words: Iodine Deficiency Disorders; Surveillance; Thyroid volume; Iodine

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