Abstract
The water quality parameters of a fish pond are essential to be managing properly under control for successful operations of fish culture. Improper management of pond water quality during the juvenile stages can create stressful conditions to produce various harmful diseases, which may decrease the fish quality and results in low profits. The present study was aimed to monitored important water quality parameters of nursery ponds of Labeo rohita culturing in Bannu fish hatchery. The study duration was 75 days extends from 10th June to 24th August 2019 for the successful culture of this specie which can play a significant role in breeding season. Furthermore, the concentration of some heavy metals like copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) in pond water and fry stages of this species was also determined. The data obtained from all water quality parameters were analyzed expressed as range, mean and standard deviation using MS Excel 2013. The obtained results of 75 days study revealed that the water pH & temperature, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and total dissolved oxygen (DO) of pond water samples were found within a tolerable limit except salinity and dissolved ammonia concentration were not permissible for fish growth. The average concentration of heavy metals in pond water exhibited descending order Fe>Ni>Mn>Zn>Cd>Ni, which was found in acceptable ranges. Whereas, the average values of heavy metals in fry stages were in the order of Zn>Fe>Ni>Cu>Cd>Mn, and found within the recommended values of WHO/FAO. Thus, it was concluded from this study that good water quality is a precondition, maintaining balanced levels of water quality parameters is fundamental for both the health and growth of fish culture which is quite necessary for assuring increased fish productivity. It is recommended to monitor and assess water quality parameters on a routine basis for promoting healthy fish culture.
Highlights
Bannu district is found in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and is comprised of an area of 7.77 square kilometers
The concentration of six heavy metals i.e., copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) in pond water and fry stage of this species was determined by measured in mg/L by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), model Analyat 700 USA with methods followed by Weber et al (2013) and Radulescu et al (2014) as per standard protocols given by APHA (2005)
The size of rectangular-shaped nursery pond in Bannu fish hatchery was measured as 70x120sq feet and depth as 5.0 feet and stocked approximately 1500 to 3000 fish seeds/fry stages of Labeo rohita
Summary
Bannu district is found in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and is comprised of an area of 7.77 square kilometers. The word ‘rohu’ is commonly used for a carp species, Labeo rohita, which are found in the rivers of South-Asian countries These are large silver-colored omnivores and polyculture fishes, which are using for aquaculture purposes in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. Labeo rohita normally constitutes 70% of the total production of other carp species in aquaculture As this species is the cheap resources of protein for human consumption and its cost of production is about USD 0.5 to 0.6 per kg in the case of a semi-intensive culture system (Mirza, 2003; Ramakrishna et al, 2013). The present study was first attempt to observe water quality parameters of the nursery ponds of Labeo rohita that would provide valuable data that could increase the maximum production and survival rate of this species at Bannu fish hatchery
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