Monitoring of Zn(II) and Cd(II) adsorption on activated carbon from aqueous multicomponent solutions by differential pulse polarography (DPP)

Abstract

The adsorption process of Zn(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution has been investigated from both kinetic and equilibrium standpoints, using differential pulse polarography (DPP) on a mercury dropping electrode as the analytical technique. With such an aim, adsorption experiments were performed using not only a single metal ion–Zn(II) or Cd(II) solution but also a multi-component ion metal–Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) solution. The influence of the pH change in the multi-component ion metal solution on the adsorption of Zn(II) and Cd(II) was also studied. The adsorption processes is relatively fast for Zn(II) and Cd(II). The presence of two foreign ions in the solution slightly speeds up the adsorption process for Zn(II) and significantly slows it down for Cd(II). The adsorption isotherms are similarly shaped for Zn(II) and Cd(II). The addition of the foreign ions has a more unfavourable effect on the adsorption for Cd(II) than for Zn(II). At pH 2, neither Zn(II) nor Cd(II) is adsorbed practically on the carbon. The voltammetric approach has proved to be a fast and efficient method that, at the same time, enables one to monitor the adsorption of Zn(II) and Cd(II) with potential on-line application, which could be useful in waste-water treatment.