Monitoring of the use of underground water of the Leningrad region for drinking water supply

Abstract

How closely humans and the environment are related to each other is especially evident in the case of groundwater. The causes and extent of damage are difficult to determine in groundwater, processes are difficult to control, and remediation work is often tedious and successful only in the case of locally limited damage. This article examines the current state of groundwater monitoring in the Leningrad region in areas with a high population density and active use of land by humans. After all, almost any anthropogenic activity leads to a human impact on the environment. Intentional or accidental exposure can lead to groundwater contamination. Six springs in the Vsevolozhsky district of the Leningrad region were analysed for ten indicators including chemical, organoleptic, and biochemical properties. Among them are pH, alkalinity, dissolved O2, KMnO4, nitrates, NH4+, colour, smell, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and biotesting duckweed.