Monitoring of the flight of aphids on potato plantations in the Arkhangelsk region

Abstract

The results of the catch of aphids in vegetative plantings of potatoes in 2018–2021 are presented. The studies were carried out in the southern part of the Arkhangelsk region (Kotlas region). Yellow water traps were used to catch winged aphids. It was revealed that 25 species of winged aphids migrate to potato plantations with an average annual number of 162 individuals during the growing season. Of the total number, 7 species of aphids carrying potato viruses were identified. These included Acyrthosiphon pisum Harr., Aphis fabae Scop., Aphis nasturtii Kalt., Aulocarthum solani Kalt., Hyperomyzus lactucae L., Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas, and Rhopalosiphum padi L. These species account for 70 to 82% of the abundance structure. Not a single individual of the most harmful species Myzus persicae Sulz was caught. In the group of virus-carrying aphids, the most numerous species are R. padi L. (an average of 48 individuals per season) and A. fabae Scop. (an average of 35 individuals per season). It has been established that the flight of aphids is largely influenced by average daily air temperatures. In the conditions of the hottest year (2021) at an average daily air temperature of 19 °C, the largest annual number of aphids was identified - 181 individuals. Winged aphids are present in potato agrocenoses throughout the entire growing season, which indicates the need for annual monitoring of their numbers and the use of protective measures.