Abstract
Abstract Since 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has conducted monitoring studies to determine the transport, fate, and effects of sewage sludge dumped at the 106-Mile Deepwater Municipal Sludge Dump Site (106-Mile Site). This paper describes EPA's 106-Mile Site monitoring activities and the results from six oceanographic surveys of the Site. Surveys have been conducted to track sewage sludge plumes and monitor dispersion and settling characteristics; study plume toxicity and contaminant levels; search for sludge and sludge constituents in surface waters in the area of the Site up 74 km (40 nautical miles) away; maintain a stationary real-time current meter near the Site; deploy and retrieve approximately 50 sediment traps and 17 current meters on 10 arrays from Hudson Canyon south to Delaware Canyon, at depths ranging from 1500 to 2800 m; and deploy satellite-tracked drifters. Results of studies completed to date have provided field data on the chemical and physical behaviour of sludge d...
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