Abstract
This paper presents a program of observation of the surface water and bottom sediments. In accordance with existing regulatory requirements, these elements are directly connected, which allows determination of the water loss and the level of geochemical contamination of rivers and large lakes due to dissolution, migration and accumulation of chemicals in the proper water intake areas, in background and in control points of water bodies. Since monitoring of the surface waters and of the bottom sediments is a part of the complex geoecological monitoring, it is necessary to reflect the feasibility of the work and, accordingly, its objectivity. In addition, results should be reliable and complete, and information received during the observations should be presented in a manner that is convenient for the consumer, which requires additional steps of systematization of the information obtained, data processing and formation of the information banks. When designing a network of monitoring points in the study area, we should follow the same principle that is used for determination of sustainability category of geoecological systems: with other identical conditions, monitoring points should be located in places characterized by low levels of stability and within the zones of exposure to high environmental risk objects.
Highlights
Ïðåäñòàâëåíà ïðîãðàììà íàáëþäåíèé ïîâåðõíîñòíûõ âîä è äîííûõ îòëîæåíèé, ìåæäó êîòîðûìè ñóùåñòâóåò íåïîñðåäñòâåííàÿ ñâÿçü, â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ñóùåñòâóþùèìè íîðìàòèâíûìè òðåáîâàíèÿìè: îïðåäåëåíèå ðàñõîäà è óðîâíÿ ãåîõèìè÷åñêîãî çàãðÿçíåíèÿ ðåê è êðóïíûõ îçð âñëåäñòâèå ïðîöåññîâ ðàñòâîðåíèÿ, ìèãðàöèè è íàêîïëåíèÿ õèìè÷åñêèõ âåùåñòâ â ìåñòàõ ñîáñòâåííî âîäîçàáîðà, â ôîíîâûõ è êîíòðîëüíûõ ñòâîðàõ âîäíûõ îáúåêòîâ; Ïîñêîëüêó ìîíèòîðèíã ïîâåðõíîñòíûõ âîä è äîííûõ îòëîæåíèé ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷àñòüþ ãåîýêîëîãè÷åñêîãî ìîíèòîðèíãà, êîòîðûé íîñèò êîìïëåêñíûé õàðàêòåð, íåîáõîäèìî îòðàçèòü öåëåñîîáðàçíîñòü ïðîâåäåíèÿ ðàáîò è èõ îáúåêòèâíîñòü
This paper presents a program of observation of the surface water and bottom sediments
Since monitoring of the surface waters and of the bottom sediments is a part of the complex geoecological monitoring, it is necessary to reflect the feasibility of the work and, its objectivity
Summary
Ïðåäñòàâëåíà ïðîãðàììà íàáëþäåíèé ïîâåðõíîñòíûõ âîä è äîííûõ îòëîæåíèé, ìåæäó êîòîðûìè ñóùåñòâóåò íåïîñðåäñòâåííàÿ ñâÿçü, â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ñóùåñòâóþùèìè íîðìàòèâíûìè òðåáîâàíèÿìè: îïðåäåëåíèå ðàñõîäà è óðîâíÿ ãåîõèìè÷åñêîãî çàãðÿçíåíèÿ ðåê è êðóïíûõ îçð âñëåäñòâèå ïðîöåññîâ ðàñòâîðåíèÿ, ìèãðàöèè è íàêîïëåíèÿ õèìè÷åñêèõ âåùåñòâ â ìåñòàõ ñîáñòâåííî âîäîçàáîðà, â ôîíîâûõ è êîíòðîëüíûõ ñòâîðàõ âîäíûõ îáúåêòîâ; Ïîñêîëüêó ìîíèòîðèíã ïîâåðõíîñòíûõ âîä è äîííûõ îòëîæåíèé ÿâëÿåòñÿ ÷àñòüþ ãåîýêîëîãè÷åñêîãî ìîíèòîðèíãà, êîòîðûé íîñèò êîìïëåêñíûé õàðàêòåð, íåîáõîäèìî îòðàçèòü öåëåñîîáðàçíîñòü ïðîâåäåíèÿ ðàáîò è èõ îáúåêòèâíîñòü. Ïðè ïðîåêòèðîâàíèè ñåòè ïóíêòîâ ìîíèòîðèíãà íà èññëåäóåìîé òåððèòîðèè ðåàëèçóåòñÿ ïðèíöèï, âûòåêàþùèé èç îïðåäåëåíèÿ êàòåãîðèè óñòîé÷èâîñòè ãåîýêîëîãè÷åñêèõ ñèñòåì: ïðè ïðî÷èõ îäèíàêîâûõ óñëîâèÿõ ïóíêòû ìîíèòîðèíãà äîëæíû ðàçìåùàòüñÿ â ìåñòàõ, õàðàêòåðèçóþùèõñÿ íèçêèìè áàëëàìè óñòîé÷èâîñòè, â ãðàíèöàõ çîí âîçäåéñòâèÿ îáúåêòîâ âûñîêîé ñòåïåíè ýêîëîãè÷åñêîé îïàñíîñòè.
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