Monitoring of samples of bird cherry (Prunus padus) and red rowan for breeding in the northeast of European Russia

Abstract

This article illustrates the primary assessment of the introduced varieties of bird cherry and red rowan for a complex of economically useful traits in the period 2015-2019 in the region to select promising conditions for breeding work. The surveys were carried out according to the following indicators: the strength of the growth of varieties, resistance to pests and diseases, winter hardiness in the field, and assessment of the quality of fruits. As objects of research, 15 varieties of bird cherry were used. From bird cherry: form plena, Meteo, Colorata; bird cherry trees Lauhe: In memory of Salamatov (control), Siberian Beauty, Olga Joy, Pomegranate Bunch, Chemalskaya Luxurious, Purple Candle, Unkillable, Chemal Beauty; cherry virgin: Schubert, C. virginsky No.1, C. virginsky No.2; bird cherry: Siori No.1.10 varieties were studied for red rowan: Granatnaya, Vefed, Sorbinka, Rosina, Solnechnaya, Titan, Alaya Krupnaya, Businka, Burka, and Nevezhenskaya (control). It was found that the studied accessions were not damaged after winter. By the strength of growth in bird cherry trees, varieties with a compact crown were distinguished: Virginskaya No. 1 and Chemalskaya Luxurious. The best indicators of fruits were found in bird cherry trees No.1 and No.2, in Memory of Salamatov. Variety of Memory Salamatov with larger clusters and the number of berries per cluster. The minimum share of seeds in the mass of pulp was noted in the varieties Granatovaya Grozd and Pamyati Salamatova. The study of red rowan showed that a more restrained vigor of growth was noted in the varieties Granatnaya and Rosina.