Abstract
ABSTRACT Forty soil samples from district Palwal of Southern Haryana, India were collected to estimates the radon/thoron exhalation rate using scintillation detector-based SMART RnDuo out of which twenty samples were tested to estimate the activity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K using high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry. The radon mass exhalation rate (mBqkg−1h−1) was observed as {range (mean)} {16 ± 1–48 ± 3 (28 ± 8)} and thoron surface exhalation rate (Bqm−2h−1) was observed as {1800 ± 198–6331 ± 205 (3850 ± 850)}. Activities of radium (226Ra), thorium (232Th) and potassium (40K) were {range (mean)} observed as {28.4–48.4 (40.0 ± 1.4)}, {49.7–75.0 (62.7 ± 1.6)} and {432–698 (522.9 ± 17.6)}, respectively. It is observed that the radium in 75% samples while thorium and potassium in all samples were found to higher than the world’s average values of 35, 30 and 400 Bqkg−1, respectively, as reported by UNSCEAR. Average of radon mass exhalation and thoron surface exhalation rates exceeded the world’s mean value 57 mBq kg−1 h−1 and 3600 Bq m−2 h−1, respectively. Health hazard index is well below the unity (< 1), which indicates that there are no gamma radiation hazards associated with samples collected from the study region.
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