Abstract
Abstract. The territory of Italy is seriously afflicted by hydrological risk, with 82% of its area affected by this phenomenon. In recent years, technologies and advanced research have played an important role in realizing complex automatic systems devoted to landslide monitoring and to alerting the population. Sometimes, the cost of these systems (communications network, sensors, software, technologies) prevents their use, and in particular the cost of sensors has a large impact on the final investment. For example, geodetic GNSS receivers are usually employed to conduct landslide monitoring, but they are costly. Nowadays, new technologies make it possible to use small and efficient low cost single frequency GPS receivers, which are able to achieve a centimetric or better level of accuracy, in static positioning. The rapid development and diffusion of the GNSS network to provide a positioning service has made it possible to use single frequency receivers, thanks to the use of virtual RINEX. This product is generated by a network of permanent stations. In this research, the actual performance of a mass market GPS receiver was tested, with the purpose of verifying if these sensors can be used for landslide monitoring. A special slide was realized, in order to conduct a dedicated test of the detection of displacements. Tests were carried out considering two factors: acquisition time and distance from the Virtual Station. The accuracy and precision of movement determination were evaluated and compared, for each test, considering the different factors. The tests and results are described in this contribution.
Highlights
A dual frequency GNSS receiver is usually employed in applications regarding monitoring of deformations and movements because a high level of precision is required, and this is traditionally guaranteed using both the L1 and L2 frequencies
These limits can cause the single frequency receiver to be less efficient in estimating the ambiguity values of the carrier phase, with respect to dual frequency
Bias model estimation is realized by the network and this permits us to create a special file of raw observation data called VIRTUAL RINEX
Summary
A dual frequency GNSS receiver is usually employed in applications regarding monitoring of deformations and movements because a high level of precision is required, and this is traditionally guaranteed using both the L1 and L2 frequencies It is a well-known approach which can be used both for large and small-scale investigations. Nowadays geomatic techniques can reach a very high level of accuracy and model the earth’s surface and its changes over time with data having very high resolution (Pirotti et al, 2013) These aspects are the reason for preferring the use of dual frequency receivers to the single frequency option for monitoring movements and deformations. Bias model estimation is realized by the network and this permits us to create a special file of raw observation data called VIRTUAL RINEX (hereafter VRINEX) This is similar to traditional raw data, but contains data from a receiver located in a position close to the user.
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