Monitoring of Arable Land Fertility Based on Agrochemical Analysis and Dynamics of Changes in Soil Organic Matter Reserves

Abstract

The article considers the problems of food security on the example of assessing the initial state of arable land fertility. Agrochemical soil analysis makes it possible to determine the direction of a complex of reclamation measures that can significantly increase soil fertility. The need for this is defined due to the development of degradation processes in the soil, as a result of which the reserves of soil humus and basic nutrients necessary for the productive development of plants have sharply decreased. The authors of the article proposed the evaluation of the initial fertility of arable land on the main agrochemical parameters (humus G, nitrogen N, phosphorus P, potassium K and hydrolytic acidity Ng). Based on the data of agrochemical soil laboratory in the farm "Memory of Lenin" in Krasnodar Territory, an initial average agrochemical state of arable land, which was the initial and maximum index of fertility (S(G), S(NPK), S(Ng) and the composite index of the soil - S). The complex of reclamation measures should be aimed at: increasing the reserves of humus in the soil, as a result of additional input of soil biomass; increasing the doses of mineral fertilizers, bringing the ratio of mineral nutrition elements to the optimal. To determine the trend of changes in the state of arable land, it is necessary to forecast it.