Abstract
This study aims at monitoring the grouting status such as hydration process and quality of sand grouted with microfine-cement using shear wave velocity (Vs) and electrical conductivity (EC) measurement techniques. The microfine-cement with the maximum particle size < 15 μm and the three angular sands with median particle sizes ranging from 0.47 mm to 1.01 mm were used in this study. The testing specimens were prepared at relative density ~ 70% and water to cement ratio = 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 in a split plastic mold for the real time continuous measurements of Vs and EC, and for the unconfined compression tests at the end of curing time of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. The results demonstrate that both unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and Vs show almost constant values after the curing period of 20-28 days; while, the variation of EC is negligible after the curing period of 10-20 days. Therefore, the shear wave velocity measurement technique can be superior to electrical conductivity measurement in terms of monitoring of hydration process of tested sands grouted with microfine-cement. However, both Vs and EC show strong linear relationship with UCS of tested materials, reflecting both non-destructive testing methods can be beneficially used for the quality evaluation of grouted materials.
Highlights
The permeation grouting technique with microfinecement is an efficient method for enhancing strength and stiffness of the soil that Ordinary Portland cement grout fails to
Three different water-to-cement (W/C) ratios (1, 1.5 and 2) were selected in grouting process, and the testing specimens were prepared at relative density ~ 70% in a split plastic mold for the real time continuous measurements of shear wave velocity (Vs) and electrical conductivity (EC), and for the unconfined compression (UC) tests at the end of curing time of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days
The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) increases due to hydration over time, and the increasing rate of UCS over time decreases with an increase in time
Summary
The permeation grouting technique with microfinecement is an efficient method for enhancing strength and stiffness of the soil that Ordinary Portland cement grout fails to. This study aims at monitoring the grouting status such as hydration process and quality of sand grouted with microfine-cement using non-destructive testing methods (i.e., shear wave velocity and electrical conductivity measurement techniques). Three different water-to-cement (W/C) ratios (1, 1.5 and 2) were selected in grouting process, and the testing specimens were prepared at relative density ~ 70% in a split plastic mold for the real time continuous measurements of shear wave velocity (Vs) and electrical conductivity (EC), and for the UC tests at the end of curing time of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. To carry out UC test, bender element test, and electrical conductivity measurement test, three sands with varying median particle sizes were used (Table 1). The shear wave propagated through the soil specimen was detected by the receiver bender element. From the measured electrical resistance and the relevant calibration factor, the EC was calculated
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
