Abstract
The age of the pipelines is a factor in increasing the potential risk to corrosion in pipelines hence reduces the safety of pipelines, and gets pipelines more likely to explosion or breakage. Thus, that will threaten the safety of individuals and the environment. According to corrosion is the main reason that threatens the pipeline. The danger is not limited to residents, but it could be worrisome if any the leak happened near the water sources. Thus, it will be difficult to address quickly, and requires significant costs could reach billions of dollars. Therefore, it is important to study the reasons that could be caused the pipeline explosion to avoided any effects could be happened, for example, in this paper we will focused on corrosion that happened in oil pipe depending on ultrasonic test methods (UT) to test sample of pipeline. Ultrasonic test is a test which is done by transfer a high frequency pulse through test object and receives a reflected echoes by analyzing the reflected waves which will help us to determine the thickness and other material properties.
Highlights
Many structures material when are located in hostile weather conditions
Ultrasonic test is a test which is done by transfer a high frequency pulse through test object and receives a reflected echo, by analyzing the reflected wave; flaws, thickness and material properties can be determined [1,2]
When we look at the result of pulse echo of group two shown in figure (13) above, it clearly shows that ΔT is similar at each time but it has a smaller value comparing with ideal one
Summary
Many structures material (such as oil pipelines) when are located in hostile weather conditions. Wave propagation Typically, ultrasonic testing depends on vibration in materials which is called “acoustic”. Acoustic impedance One important parameter in ultrasound propagation is the ultrasonic impedance It is a measurement of medium molecules resistance to a mechanical vibration. PEN Vol 7, No 4, December 2019, pp.1950- 1964 2.6 Ultrasound test methods There are three different types of ultrasonic methods. The pulse-echo method It is a method of ultrasonic test which is sent a perpendicular echo to the scanning surface and received a reflected wave from the back of the material by using one transducer figure (4). A- SCAN: It is a presentation type which shows the ultrasonic energy on the vertical axis as a function of ultrasonic time travel within the material which is displayed on the horizontal axis. The collection of data is started with the A-scan and the signal amplitude recording at regular intervals while the transducer is being scanned over the test sample Figure (7) below shows C-Scan [7]
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