Abstract
The objective of this research is to develop a fuel cell hydrogen vehicle model (FC-RVS) and validate it with existing black-box models and with real on-board data. On-board data for dynamic profile, topography and fuel consumption was collected in the city of Porto in the framework of the hydrogen bus demonstration project CUTE (Clean Urban Transport for Europe). The vehicle used is part of a fleet of 27 urban buses developed and built by Evobus and uses a fuel cell based non-hybrid propulsion system. The data collected in Porto reflects a very demanding drive cycle that resulted in the availability of data for several operating conditions. The fuel cell vehicle is modelled by using efficiency maps of each powertrain component. Trough a backward approach the power requested is transformed in hydrogen consumption. Finally, optimized configurations to achieve the lowest hydrogen consumption possible are analyzed, including hybridization. FC-RVS model predictions were within 4% of measured results.
Highlights
The road transport sector has a high fossil fuel dependency
The majority of demonstration projects are related to the public transport sector, such as the Clean Urban Transport for Europe (CUTE), and the follow-up, HyFLEET:CUTE, the Sustainable Transport Energy Programme (STEP) and the Ecological City Transport System (ECTOS) [1]
The aim of the present paper is to present experimental data obtained from the European project CUTE and a model suitable to simulate hydrogen bus consumption according to different drive cycles, driver behavior and occupancy rates
Summary
In a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) the fuel cell is connected to an electric motor using an electric inverter/converter. The electric motor(s) can be connected directly to the wheels or connected trough a differential or/and gear boxes (Figure 5). It can have mechanical accessories connected to the electric motor and electric accessories connected to the fuel cell. About 8 hours of data were collected at 2 Hz, and these values were used to validate the RVS model
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