Abstract
BackgroundMondia whitei and Guibourtia tessmannii are used in Cameroon traditional medicine as aphrodisiacs. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the pro-ejaculatory effects of the aqueous and organic solvent extracts of these plants in spinal male rats.MethodsIn spinal cord transected and urethane-anesthetized rats, two electrodes where inserted into the bulbospongiosus muscles and the ejaculatory motor pattern was recorded on a polygraph after urethral and penile stimulations, intravenous injection of saline (0.1 ml/100 g), dopamine (0.1 μM/kg), aqueous and organic solvent plant extracts (20 mg/kg).ResultsIn all spinal rats, urethral and penile stimulations always induced the ejaculatory motor pattern. Aqueous or hexane extract of Mondia whitei (20 mg/kg) prevented the expression of the ejaculatory motor pattern. The pro-ejaculatory effects of dopamine (0.1 μM/kg) were not abolished in spinal rats pre-treated with Mondia whitei extracts. Aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of Guibourtia tessmannii (20 mg/kg) induced fictive ejaculation characterized by rhythmic contractions of the bulbospongiosus muscles followed sometimes with expulsion of seminal plugs. In rats pre-treated with haloperidol (0.26 μM/kg), no ejaculatory motor pattern was recorded after intravenous injection of Guibourtia tessmannii extracts (20 mg/kg).ConclusionThese results show that Mondia whitei possesses preventive effects on the expression of fictive ejaculation in spinal male rats, which is not mediated through dopaminergic pathway; on the contrary, the pro-ejaculatory activities of Guibourtia tessmannii require the integrity of dopaminergic system to exert its effects. The present findings further justify the ethno-medicinal claims of Mondia whitei and Guibourtia tessmannii.
Highlights
Mondia whitei and Guibourtia tessmannii are used in Cameroon traditional medicine as aphrodisiacs
Intravenous administration of saline solution or tween in saline solution did not provoke fictive ejaculation (Figure 1C, and Phytochemical screening Phytochemical screening of the aqueous and hexane extracts of Mondia whitei showed reducing sugars, triterpenes and steroids while phenolic compounds were found in Guibourtia tessmannii extracts (Table 1)
Effects of Mondia whitei and Guibourtia tessmannii extracts on fictive ejaculation Intravenous administration of either the aqueous extract (20 mg/kg) or the hexane extract (20 mg/kg) of Mondia whitei in spinal cord transected and urethane-anesthetized rats did not provoke the activation of the ejaculatory motor pattern
Summary
Mondia whitei and Guibourtia tessmannii are used in Cameroon traditional medicine as aphrodisiacs. Ejaculation is the physiological process that describes the expulsion of the semen from the urethra and comprises two successive phases, emission and expulsion and requires the participation of different pelvi-perineal anatomical structures [1,2,3]. Evidence has shown the existence of a generator that controls both phases of ejaculation, located within the lumbosacral spinal cord [6,7]. This ejaculation generator is under the influence of supraspinal sites of the brain stem and hypothalamus [6,8]
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