Molybdenum Disulfide-based field effect transistor biosensors for medical diagnostics: Exploring a decade of advancements (2014–2024)

Abstract

In the dynamic landscape of biosensor technologies, the integration of Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) into Field Effect Transistor (FET) biosensors has emerged as an intriguing and promising frontier. This review probes deeply into the realm of MoS2-based FET (MoS2-FET) biosensors, with a particular focus on their indispensable role in medical diagnostics. Commencing with an exploration of the distinctive physicochemical attributes of MoS2, accompanied by a succinct overview of diverse synthesis methodologies. It intricately analyses the synergistic interplay between MoS2 properties and their applicability in biosensing, highlighting its potential for highly effective biomolecular interfacing. Subsequently, the review extends its analysis to encompass the myriad applications of MoS2-FET biosensors, especially within the critical domain of medical diagnostics, spanning the past decade. Furthermore, it undertakes a critical evaluation of future prospects and lingering challenges encountered in the development and deployment of MoS2-FET biosensors, thereby shedding light on the transformative potential of MoS2-FET biosensors and charting a roadmap for future progress in the perpetual evolution of nanomaterial-based biosensing technologies.