Molecules, Cells, Materials, and Systems Design Based on Nanobiotechnology Use in Bioanalytical Technology

Abstract

Bioanalytical chemistry has undergone remarkable development in the past 30 yr, along with the progress of related fields. Connected technologies belong to many different fields, because bioanalytical technology has expanded its scope of application and its principles. And because bioanalysis requires the most sophisticated tools, bioanalytical chemistry has adopted novel concepts and techniques. Clinical applications, such as the design of novel drugs, are the most important kind of application in bioanalytical chemistry. Usually, analytical chemistry is interested in the accurate quantification of specific molecules. However, novel concepts have now been developed that enable scientists to obtain biological information from cultured cells and tissues. In cellular/tissular biosensing, the goal is not to determine the existence and amount of specific molecules, but to survey the effects of chemical/physical stimuli on cells/tissues or organs. In order to develop such novel analytical technology, an interdisciplinary approach is required. By using the nanobiotechnology methods focused on molecular design, model-cell fabrication, and instrumental system fabrication, a novel bio-inspired technology has been developed for novel biosensing. The author has developed the concept of cellular/tissular biosensing, and has created practical techniques. Therefore, here I review recent progress in the area of bioanalytical technology, which is based on nanobiotechnology and is focused on the biosensing of biological information, e.g., cellular/tissular biosensing.