Abstract

Oral tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve clinical outcome in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST), and breast cancer who have activating mutations, translocations, or fusions in dominant oncogenes. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TKIs and anaplastic large-cell kinase (ALK) TKIs show a clinically significant effect in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have EGFR mutations or ALK-EML4 translocations, respectively.

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