Molecular typing and epidemiology profiles of human adenovirus infection among paediatric patients with severe acute respiratory infection in China.

Yamin Li,Yongliang Lou,Zhengde Xie,Wenjie Tan,Yanqun Wang,Weimin Zhou,Yanjie Zhao,Dong-Yan Jin

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123234

Abstract

BackgroundHuman adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been recognised as pathogens that cause a broad spectrum of diseases. The studies on HAdV infection among children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) are limited.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence, epidemiology, and genotype of HAdV among children with SARI in China.Study DesignNasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) or induced sputum (IS) was collected from hospitalised children with SARIs in Beijing (representing Northern China; n = 259) and Zhejiang Province (representing Eastern China; n = 293) from 2007 to 2010. The prevalence of HAdV was screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequence typing of PCR fragments that targeted the second half of the hexon gene. In addition, co-infection with other human respiratory viruses, related epidemiological profiles and clinical presentations were investigated.Results and ConclusionsIn total, 76 (13.8%) of 552 SARI patients were positive for HAdV, and the infection rates of HAdV in Northern and Eastern China were 20.1% (n = 52) and 8.2% (n = 24), respectively. HAdV co-infection with other respiratory viruses was frequent (infection rates: Northern China, 90.4%; Eastern China, 70.8%). The peak seasons for HAdV-B infection was winter and spring. Additionally, members of multiple species (Human mastadenovirus B, C, D and E) were circulating among paediatric patients with SARI, of which HAdV-B (34/52; 65.4%) and HAdV-C (20/24, 83.3%) were the most predominant in Northern and Eastern China, respectively. These findings provide a benchmark for future epidemiology and prevention strategies for HAdV.

Highlights

Adenoviruses are ubiquitous, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses [1]
E) were circulating among paediatric patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), of which Human adenoviruses (HAdVs)-B (34/52; 65.4%) and HAdV-C (20/24, 83.3%) were the most predominant in Northern and Eastern China, respectively. These findings provide a benchmark for future epidemiology and prevention strategies for HAdV
HAdVs have been recognised as pathogens that cause a broad spectrum of diseases [1, 2], including acute respiratory infection (ARI), gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, and meningoencephalitis

Summary

Introduction

Adenoviruses are ubiquitous, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses [1]. Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are classified into 7 species (Human mastadenovirus A to G) and at least 69 recognized genotypes based on serology, whole-genome sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses [1]. HAdVs have been recognised as pathogens that cause a broad spectrum of diseases [1, 2], including acute respiratory infection (ARI), gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, cystitis, and meningoencephalitis. Numerous outbreaks of ARI caused by HAdV have been reported during the last decade in many countries including China [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Several studies have shown the association between severe respiratory infections in adult and HAdV species [7,8,9]; reports among children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in China are limited. Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been recognised as pathogens that cause a broad spectrum of diseases. The studies on HAdV infection among children with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) are limited

Methods

Results

Conclusion