Abstract
Abstract This research work was carried out to evaluate drought stress for the differentiation of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in their ability to tolerate drought. An experiment was carried out on six genotypes (‘Sides 1’, ‘Shindwell 1’, ‘Gemmiza 9’, ‘Sakha 93’, ‘Saheel 1’ and ‘Masr 2’). A randomized complete block design with three replications along two separate tests under the drip and the sprinkler irrigation systems was used in this experiment. One of the irrigation treatments applied the normal amount of irrigation water and the other applied end-season drought stress conditions through two successful agricultural seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. The impact on biomass, grain yield and water productivity of the six genotypes was measured. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to evaluate genetic variation among the six genotypes. PCR–RAPD analysis showed that there were several differences in both the size and number of bands between the varieties. Based on these markers, genetic similarity coefficients were calculated and a dendrogram was constructed. The dendrogram analysis delineated three major clusters. The current study showed that RAPD markers are useful in the assessment of the genetic diversity among the wheat genotypes. The drip irrigation system gave the highest values of both the biomass and the grain yield for the six genotypes, while the sprinkler irrigation gave the lowest values. Comparing the six genotypes in terms of the biomass, grain yield and water productivity, it was concluded that, the highest water productivity (WP) genotype was Sides 1, except during water stress with the sprinkler irrigation system. It was followed by genotype Sakha 93, then genotype Shindwell 1, while genotype Gemmiza 9 gave the lowest in all cases, except without water stress under drip irrigation.
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops, which is widely cultivated in Egypt and the world, providing food calories and protein to the human population
15 of the 16 bands of Saheel 1 cultivar had similar amplified bands in the cultivar, Masr 2. These results were confirmed by the dendrogram (Figure 4), where the three varieties, Sakha 93, Saheel 1 and Masr 2, were in the same cluster
Water productivity (WP) based on Condon et al (2002) was assessed for different Egyptian wheat varieties under different irrigation systems by reducing the use of water to only 40% of the amount normally needed for crop production
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops, which is widely cultivated in Egypt and the world, providing food calories and protein to the human population. Drought is one of the important environmental challenges, which growers must face around the world. In sandy soils and under different irrigation systems, there are positive relationships between the lack of water stress, the vegetative growth, the economics of yield and water productivity of various Egyptian wheat varieties. These relationships are both linear or nonlinear in nature (Mansour et al 2015a–2016; Mansour 2015)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
