Abstract
Background Information is limited about HIV-1 subtypes circulating in less populated Brazilian areas where the AIDS epidemic is expanding, such as in the Central West region. Objective To describe HIV-1 subtypes in patients from the States of Goias, Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso in Central West Brazil. Study design Heteroduplex mobility analysis of nested-PCR products from env (primers: ED5/ED12, ES7/ES8) and gag regions (primers: H1P202/H1G777, H1Gag1584/g17) of 406 HIV-1 isolates from Goias ( n = 271), Mato Grosso do Sul ( n = 85) and Mato Grosso ( n = 50) collected from 2001 to 2004. Results Median age of patients was 26 years (1–79 range), 68.7% (279/406) females, 69.9% (269/385) sexual exposure, 14.3% parenteral risk, 15.8% vertical cases. Overall 69.9% (284/406) of HIV-1 subtypes were concordant B env /B gag , 1.7% F env /F gag and 1% C env /C gag . Discordant HIV-1 isolates were 14.5% (59/406), mainly B env /F gag and F env /B gag (49/59); five were B env /D gag , four B env /C gag and one C env /D gag . B/B and discordant B/F isolates were detected among all risk categories and among children and adults. Conclusion Extensive genetic diversity of HIV-1 was observed in Central West Brazil. Continued molecular studies should monitor the changing dynamics of HIV-1 over time especially in areas where the epidemic is growing.
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