Abstract
Arginine plays an important role in cell division and the functioning of the immune system. We describe a novel method by which arginine can be identified using an artificial monolayer based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The affinity of arginine binding its recognition molecular was compared to that of lysine. In fabrication of an arginine sensing interface, a calix[4]crown ether monolayer was anchored onto a gold surface and then characterized by Fourier Transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The interaction between arginine and its host compound was investigated by SPR. The calix[4]crown ether was found to assemble as a monolayer on the gold surface. Recognition of calix[4]crown monolayer was assessed by the selective binding of arginine. Modification of the SPR chip with the calix[4]crown monolayer provides a reliable and simple experimental platform for investigation of arginine under aqueous conditions.
Highlights
Arginine, one of the 20 natural amino acids, plays an important role in cell division, healing of wounds, removal of ammonia from the body, functioning of the immune system, and release of hormones [1,2,3]
As a charged amino acid, arginine is the best target among the twenty amino acids for the molecular recognition of a specific side chain in a peptide [9,10]
These results suggest that the self-assembled calix[4]crown monolayer can provide favorable conditions that increase the detection resolution of arginine in aqueous solution
Summary
One of the 20 natural amino acids, plays an important role in cell division, healing of wounds, removal of ammonia from the body, functioning of the immune system, and release of hormones [1,2,3]. Arginine is the immediate precursor of NO, urea, ornithine, and agmatine [6,7,8]. It is considered a sign of a healthy endothelium. An assessment of the molecular recognition of arginine is of great importance in biochemical studies. Molecular recognition is possible primarily because of the electrostatic attraction between the basic guanidinium group of arginine and acidic disulfonate. Schrader and co-workers have developed a series of bisphosphonate receptors that utilize a combination of hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and cation-π effects to recognize alkyl guanidinium groups [13,14].
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