Molecular properties of postbiotics and their role in controlling aquaculture diseases

Abstract

Aquaculture accounts for 8% of animal protein intake in the human diet globally, and per capita consumption is expanding faster than meat and dairy consumption. Antibiotic usage has been recorded in the rapidly developing aquaculture business, which may contribute to the growth of antimicrobial resistance, with possible ramifications for animal, human and ecosystem health. Among the several proposed alternatives, one of the investigated tactics was postbiotics. Although several studies on other alternative tactics have been published, the use of postbiotics in aquaculture is scarce. Recognizing aquaculture's rapid rise as a global source of animal nutrition, postbiotics could be a need to improve antimicrobial stewardship in a fast-growing industry with broad ties to aquaculture and ecosystem health. This review focuses on various postbiotics as microbially produced postbiotics metabolites and their use as an infectious disease management agent in aquaculture.