Abstract
Hiptage is an Asia-endemic genus of Malpighiaceae currently placed in the tetrapteroid clade, representing one of the seven inter-continent dispersions from New to Old World. A molecular phylogeny based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was recovered for the first time for the genus. Our results showed that the most recent common ancestor of Hiptage probably originated in the South Indo-China Peninsula and diversified in this region. Based on phylogenetic evidence and relevant morphological traits, we propose a new species; Hiptage incurvatum is characterised by mericarps with arcuate anterior lateral wings, two large glands on the dorsal sepals, and small glands on the remaining sepals. The new species is from Mt. Cangshan, Dali City (25°35'N, 100°02'E) in North Yunnan, Southwest China and is notable for its occurrence at high altitude, 1400 m (the highest distribution currently known for the genus). The implications of this unusual species for the dispersal and evolution of the genus are discussed.
Highlights
Hiptage Gaertn. is a genus of Malpighiaceae currently comprising ca. 40 species (Anderson et al 2006; Chen and Funston 2008; Ren 2015; Yang et al 2018)
Mirror-image flowers are a sexual polymorphism in which the style is deflected away from the floral axis, resulting in mirror images between the left-styled flower and right-styled flowers, facilitating cross-pollination (Jesson and Barrett 2002; Ren et al 2013)
All polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were carried out in 25 μl volumes consisting of 1 μl sample DNA, 12.5 μl 2 × Taq PCR master Mix
Summary
Hiptage Gaertn. is a genus of Malpighiaceae currently comprising ca. 40 species (Anderson et al 2006; Chen and Funston 2008; Ren 2015; Yang et al 2018). 40 species (Anderson et al 2006; Chen and Funston 2008; Ren 2015; Yang et al 2018). The genus is placed in the tetrapteroid clade, one of the ten major lineages recovered for Malpighiaceae by Davis and Anderson (2010). Hiptage was represented in that phylogeny by six species and recovered as sister to Flabellariopsis R.Wilczek, an African endemic, and together both genera form a poorly supported clade, sister to the Neotropical genus Carolus W.R.Anderson (Davis and Anderson 2010). The monophyly of Hiptage has never been properly tested by the inclusion of its type species (Jacobs 1955; Davis and Anderson 2010; Zhang et al 2016)
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