Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Turbo brunneus (R.1798), Cypraea annulus (L.1758) and Babylonia spirata (L.1758)

P Subavathy

doi:10.13189/azb.2020.080322

Abstract

Over the past few decades, biologists from many disciplines have turned to phylogenetic analyses to interpret variation in biological systems. Phylogenetic relationships with a high potential in the absence of sufficient morphological characters can be resolved by molecular phylogenetic techniques according to coded characters. A number of mtDNA genes have been targeted in marine gastropods for phylogenetic purpose; these include the ribosomal RNA genes 28S, 18S, 16S and 12S, Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt-b). In the present study, SSU rRNA in Turbo brunneus, 18S rRNA in Cypraea annulus and COI gene in Babylonia spirata were successfully amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic tree of the three species were constructed by using neighbor-joining tree. The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 1.47445020 was observed. Turbo brunneus was phylogenetically closer to the clade of Cypraea annulus than that of Babylonia spirata. The mitochondrial genomes are informative for mollusc phylogeny, which give a proper phylogenetic approach.

Highlights

Marine bioresource is known to be one of the richest among all the living ecosystems
The bands of size 250bp and 700bp were observed in T. brunneus, 300bp and 560bp were observed in C. annulus and 290bp and 650bp were observed in B. spirata (Figure 1)
The sequences of about 906 bases were observed in T. brunneus, 312 bases were reported in C. annulus and 549 bases were observed in B. spirata

Summary

Introduction

Marine bioresource is known to be one of the richest among all the living ecosystems. Life originated in the sea and in terms of evolution and biodiversity the sea appears to be superior to the terrestrial ecosystem [1]. As marine species comprise approximately a half of the global biodiversity, they are offering a vast source from which useful therapeutics can be discovered. Ocean exploration often leads to new ideas, new theories and discoveries, including new medicines. The phylum mollusca has a long geological history and their presence on planet earth since the Paleozoic era 600 million years ago has been proved beyond doubt. The class gastropoda is known to have originated during the Jurassic era. Phylum Mollusca is the second largest groups next to Arthropoda [2]

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Discussion

Conclusion