Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in the United States and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths. Over the past 20 years, our knowledge of this CRC carcinogenesis has enormously increased; presently, several molecular diagnostic tests are commonly employed to analyze stage IV CRC and familiar CRC syndromes to determine treatment options and CRC inheritance and risk. More recently the number of CRC diagnostic tests has enormously expanded as our knowledge of CRC carcinogenesis has increased. Here, we review the standard tests employed in CRC, such as KRAS and Braf analyses, and also include less commonly employed tests related to familiar CRC and microsatellite instability. Last, we focus on possible future CRC genetic tests and testing modalities, focusing on techniques such as microarray and mass spectrophotometry.
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