Abstract
BackgroundOptical imaging (OI) techniques such as bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging have been widely used to track diseases in a non-invasive manner within living subjects. These techniques generally require bioluminescent and fluorescent probes. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of using radioactive probes for in vivo molecular OI.Methodology/Principal FindingsBy taking the advantages of low energy window of light (1.2–3.1 eV, 400–1000 nm) resulting from radiation, radionuclides that emit charged particles such as β+ and β− can be successfully imaged with an OI instrument. In vivo optical images can be obtained for several radioactive probes including 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG), Na18F, Na131I, 90YCl3 and a 90Y labeled peptide that specifically target tumors.Conclusions/SignificanceThese studies demonstrate generalizability of radioactive OI technique. It provides a new molecular imaging strategy and will likely have significant impact on both small animal and clinical imaging.
Highlights
Molecular imaging is a relatively new yet fast growing research discipline
We demonstrate systematically that Optical imaging (OI) techniques can be used to image visible and near-infrared light produced by radioactive materials
Radioactive agents are traditionally studied by positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or c cameras, which are expensive, hard to maintain and not widely available to many researchers
Summary
Molecular imaging is a relatively new yet fast growing research discipline. Practical molecular imaging enables researchers to study diseases non-invasively in living subjects at the molecular level [1,2,3,4]. A variety of imaging modalities have been developed that provide functional and anatomical information of diseases in living small animals and patients. During the preparation of this manuscript, Robertson et al successfully demonstrated that high-energy b+ emitters, 18F and 13N, could be used for optical imaging [6]. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of molecular imaging of living subjects using OI modalities in conjunction with a wide diversity of radioactive probes. Optical imaging (OI) techniques such as bioluminescence and fluorescence imaging have been widely used to track diseases in a non-invasive manner within living subjects. These techniques generally require bioluminescent and fluorescent probes. We demonstrate the feasibility of using radioactive probes for in vivo molecular OI
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