Abstract
We present a model for a feedback-controlled ratchet consisting of a Brownian particle and a moving, finite barrier that is shifted by an external agent depending on the position of the particle. By modifying the value of a single parameter of the feedback protocol, the model can act either as a pure rectifier, a power-stroke (PS) motor, or a combination of both. Interestingly, in certain situations the motor reaches a maximum efficiency for an intermediate value of that parameter, i.e., for a combination of the information ratchet and the PS mechanisms. We relate our results to the biological motors kinesin, myosin II, and myosin V, finding that these motors operate in a regime of length scales and forces where the efficiency is maximized for a combination of rectification and PS mechanisms.
Highlights
Molecular motors perform many tasks in all living species, such as muscle movement, cell division, and the transport of molecules and ions across the cell membrane
Due to the high efficiency of these transduction processes, molecular motors are of tremendous interest and inspiration for research on artificial bio-machines
Wout = pfext L is linearly proportional to p, Figure 2. (a) System in equilibrium: probability distribution p, applied work Win, gained potential energy Wout and the work related to Shannon entropy rate Winfo as a function of the control value Δx with fb = 5 kT/u, fext = 0.5 kT/u and L = 1 u. (b) High efficiency η (Δx) can be reached both in the limit of very small L in the PS regime and in the limit of very large L in the intermixing regime of PS and Brownian rectifier’ (BR)
Summary
We present a model for a feedback-controlled ratchet consisting of a Brownian particle and a moving, licence. By. Any further distribution of this work must maintain modifying the value of a single parameter of the feedback protocol, the model can act either as a pure attribution to the rectifier, a power-stroke (PS) motor, or a combination of both. In certain situations the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation motor reaches a maximum efficiency for an intermediate value of that parameter, i.e., for a and DOI. Combination of the information ratchet and the PS mechanisms. We relate our results to the biological motors kinesin, myosin II, and myosin V, finding that these motors operate in a regime of length scales and forces where the efficiency is maximized for a combination of rectification and PS mechanisms
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