Molecular motion in melt samples of poly(propylene glycol) studied using dielectric and Kerr effect relaxation techniques

Abstract

Dielectric relaxation times and electro-optical Kerr-effect relaxation times have been measured for melt samples of pure poly(propylene glycol) of nominal molecular weight 1025, 2025 and 4000, over the temperature range 209K–255K. Kerr-effect relaxation curves were analysed in terms of two main components: a ‘fast’ primary process (A), associated with a negative optical birefringence; and a ‘slow’ secondary process (B), associated with a positive optical birefringence. Measurement of dielectric loss at different frequencies for poly(propylene glycol) of molecular weight 2025 and 4000 indicated two main relaxation processes: a ‘fast’ process (the normal α-process), which carried with it most of the dielectric loss; and a ‘slow’ secondary process of much smaller amplitude. The close correspondence between dielectric and Kerr-effect relaxation times, for the primary and secondary relaxation processes, indicated that these techniques are probing effectively different aspects of the same molecular motion. Dielectric and Kerr-effect relaxation times for the secondary process depended greatly on the molecular weight of the polymer and were compared with the predictions of the models for the reptational motions of chains in the bulk polymer, as proposed by De Gennes and by Doi and Edwards.