Molecular Mechanisms of Floral Boundary Formation in Arabidopsis.

Hongyang Yu,Tengbo Huang

doi:10.3390/ijms17030317

Abstract

Boundary formation is a crucial developmental process in plant organogenesis. Boundaries separate cells with distinct identities and act as organizing centers to control the development of adjacent organs. In flower development, initiation of floral primordia requires the formation of the meristem-to-organ (M–O) boundaries and floral organ development depends on the establishment of organ-to-organ (O–O) boundaries. Studies in this field have revealed a suite of genes and regulatory pathways controlling floral boundary formation. Many of these genes are transcription factors that interact with phytohormone pathways. This review will focus on the functions and interactions of the genes that play important roles in the floral boundaries and discuss the molecular mechanisms that integrate these regulatory pathways to control the floral boundary formation.

Highlights

Organ boundaries are groups of specialized cells with restricted growth that are crucial for the development of plants and animals
Establishment of boundaries is a critical step in floral organogenesis; this includes the formation of boundaries between the meristem and floral organs, as well as the boundaries between adjacent floral organs [2,3,14]
HANABA TARANU (HAN) is expressed at the floral M-O boundaries and interacts with both the meristem-regulating gene ARGONAUTE 10/PINHEAD (PNH), a founding member of the ARGONAUTE family that acts in small RNA pathways [54,55,56], and the genes required for organ primordia development, including BOP2 and JAGGED (JAG), a C2H2 zinc finger transcriptional factor that promotes cell division and growth of lateral organs [53,57,58]

Summary

Introduction

Organ boundaries are groups of specialized cells with restricted growth that are crucial for the development of plants and animals. These regulatory pathways suggest that a complex interaction between phytohormones and CUC/KNOX genes controls meristem and boundary formation.

Results

Conclusion