Abstract
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina is a common and widespread disease of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), in Egypt. Host resistance is the most economical, effective and ecologically sustainable method for controlling the disease. Molecular markers help to determine leaf rust resistance genes (Lr genes) that may be present in a large group of wheat germplasm. The objective of this study was to evaluate and detect leaf rust resistance genes in Egyptian wheat cultivars. Ten out of fifteen cultivars were resistance to leaf rust disease in four locations i.e., Dakahlia, Kafr el-Sheikh, Beheira and Sharqia during seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. As for, using specific SSR primers proved that Lr19 was present in five cultivars i.e., Sakha-95, Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-10, Misr-1 and Misr-2. Lr21. Lr24, Lr47, and Lr51 were detected in all tested cultivars. These genes should be taken into consideration in wheat breeding programs for successful rust resistance. Furthermore these materials can be used as a parent for plant breeders to add new effective resistance genes to their breeding materials because of the dynamic change of leaf rust races which can breakdown the resistance.
Highlights
Wheat leaf rust is one of the most important diseases resulting in high yield losses and reduced grain quality (Cloutieret et al, 2007)
A better knowledge on the identity of effective leaf rust resistance (Lr) genes present in adapted cultivars that can be used as donors of resistance in wheat breeding programs could greatly improve the efficiency of developing resistant cultivars by using these genes or by stacking different resistant genes in a given cultivar, a process known as gene pyramiding (Messmer et al, 2000); thereby helping to avoid the release of cultivars that are genetically uniform (Mebrate et al, 2008)
MATERIALS AND METHODS Evaluation of 15 Egyptian Wheat Cultivars and Four Monogenic Lines Under Field Condition: A total of 15 wheat cultivars i.e., Sakha-61, Sakha-69, Sakha-93, Sakha-94, Sakha-95, Gemmeiza-7, Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-10, Gemmeiza-11, Sids-1, Sids-12, Sids-13, Giza-168, Misr-1 and Misr-2 and four resistance monogenic lines (Lr genes) Lr19, Lr21, Lr24 and Lr47 were evaluated under field condation at four locations: Dakahlia, Kafr elSheikh, Beheira and Sharqia during two seasons 2011/12 and 2012/13 for leaf rust resistance
Summary
MOLECULAR MARKERS IDENTIFICATION OF LEAF RUST RESISTANT GENES LR19, LR21, LR24, LR47 AND LR51 IN SELECTED EGYPTIAN WHEAT CULTIVARS aAshraf M.M. Abdelbacki*, bReda I. Najeeb a Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cairo, Egypt. B Department of Wheat Diseases, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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