Abstract
The methanol photo-reforming offers an environmentally friendly approach for hydrogen production. However, the widely studied catalyst for this reaction, Pt loaded titanium dioxide (Pt/P25), is found to suffer from the deactivation problem. Here, we employed various techniques including in situ spectroscopy characterization to probe the underlying mechanism. The formed intermediates formaldehyde and formic acid result in the decreased activity of hydrogen production over Pt/P25. Formic acid harms the Pt co-catalyst, whereas formaldehyde can inhibit both the Pt co-catalyst and P25 photocatalyst and plays a major role in the deteriorative effect on Pt/P25. In addition, rutile in P25 is identified to be the bottleneck against the poisoning of the reaction intermediate. A deactivation mechanism is developed, which helps to troubleshoot the deactivation problem; for example, a strategy based on the chemical potential difference applied to the deactivated photocatalyst enables it to recover ∼80 % of its original hydrogen production activity.
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