Abstract
A distinct branch of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis W phylogenetic lineage (W14 group) has been identified and characterized by various genotyping techniques. The W14 group comprises three strain variants: W14, W23, and W26, which accounted for 26 clinical isolates from the New York City metropolitan area. The W14 group shares a unique IS6110 hybridizing banding motif as well as distinct polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence and variable number tandem repeat patterns. All W14 group members have high levels of streptomycin resistance. When the streptomycin resistance rpsL target gene was sequenced, all members of this strain family had an identical mutation in codon 43. Patients infected with the W14 group were primarily of non- Hispanic black origin (77%); all were US-born. Including HIV positivity, 84% of the patients had at least one known risk factor for tuberculosis.
Highlights
With the advent of molecular techniques, tuberculosis (TB) investigators have a powerful tool to further the understanding of the transmission and phylogenetic properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
We investigated a cluster of New York City (NYC) M. tuberculosis isolates (W14 group) that are resistant to at least streptomycin and share identical or closely related DNA fingerprint patterns
The W Family Strain Collection The W14 fingerprint pattern was identified in a database of >13,000 clinical specimens representing approximately 9,000 patients and 3,563 distinct IS6110 fingerprint patterns genotyped at the PHRI TB Center
Summary
With the advent of molecular techniques, tuberculosis (TB) investigators have a powerful tool to further the understanding of the transmission and phylogenetic properties of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genotyping has facilitated identification and characterization of the W strain, a multidrug-resistant (MDR) clone associated primarily with nosocomial transmission in hospitals and detention facilities in New York City (NYC) in the early 1990s [14,15,16,17]. In a recent study, when molecular techniques were applied in a population-based setting, genotyping identified a drug-susceptible group of isolates (W4) that represents a distinct branch of the W phylogenetic lineage. Members of this W4 group define a previously unidentified cluster of cases in a community in northern New Jersey; the cluster likely resulted from both historical and recent transmission [19]. Results from multiple typing methods were used to show the relatedness of the three IS6110 fingerprint patterns, W14, W23, and W26 and their evolution
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