Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a widespread subcutaneous mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungi now known as the Sporothrix schenckii complex. This complex is comprised of at least six species, including Sporothrix albicans, Sporothrix brasiliensis, Sporothrix globosa, Sporothrix luriei, Sporothrix mexicana and S. schenckii. Cases of sporotrichosis have significantly increased in Brazil over the past decade, especially in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), where an epidemic among cat owners has been observed. The zoonotic transmission from cats to humans suggests a common source of infection and indicates that animals can act as vectors. We performed a molecular characterisation of samples collected during the first outbreak of familial sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. These results represent the first description of such an outbreak outside the endemic area of zoonotic sporotrichosis in RJ.
Highlights
Sporotrichosis is a widespread subcutaneous mycosis with high endemicity in Latin America, South Africa, India and Japan (Lopez-Romero et al 2011)
In the sporotrichosis epidemic that occurred in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil, transmission of the disease was associated with scratches or bites from cats infected with S. schenckii (Schubach et al 2008)
The strains were obtained from sporotrichosis cases that occurred in one cat (ES213) and three family members (ES210, ES211 and ES212; ages 30, 14 and 10 years, respectively) from a rural area in the state of Espírito Santo (ES)
Summary
Sporotrichosis is a widespread subcutaneous mycosis with high endemicity in Latin America, South Africa, India and Japan (Lopez-Romero et al 2011). In the sporotrichosis epidemic that occurred in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil, transmission of the disease was associated with scratches or bites from cats infected with S. schenckii (Schubach et al 2008). A species-level classification of the Sporothrix complex has been proposed (Marimon et al 2007).
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